How farm land access, leases, purchases, and revitalization loans work in Canada

By GrantHub Research Team · · Lire en français

How farm land access, leases, purchases, and revitalization loans work in Canada

Finding land is a major challenge for new and expanding farmers. Prices are high, and good parcels can be hard to find. Many farmers don’t have the equity banks require. Governments help by offering land access programs. These include long-term leases, purchase support, and revitalization loans. Programs like Agricultural Land Accessibility and Enhancement in New Brunswick help by providing repayable support to improve and expand farmland, making it easier for farmers to start or grow their operations.

This guide explains how each option works, when to use it, and how public funding can reduce your upfront risk. Tools like GrantHub can help you find the right programs for your situation.


Main Ways to Access Farmland in Canada

Most Canadian farm businesses use one or a mix of these approaches as they grow.

1. Land Access and Matching Programs

Land access programs connect farmers with available land and help improve access to underused parcels. These programs are popular with new and expanding farms.

Example: BC Land Matching Program (BCLMP)
The BC Land Matching Program links farmers who need land with landowners who want their land used for farming. The program supports lease agreements, succession plans, and shared-use models. There is no direct cash funding, but you get matching services, agreement templates, and advisory support.

Best for:

  • New farmers without capital to buy land
  • Small-scale or specialty crops
  • Testing a location before making a long-term commitment

These programs often work well with provincial enhancement or clearing loans.


2. Leasing Farmland

Leasing is the most common way to start farming. You operate the land without owning it.

Typical lease structures:

  • Cash lease: Fixed annual payment per acre
  • Crop-share lease: Rent is a percentage of your yield
  • Long-term developmental lease: Lower rent while you improve the land

Why leases matter for funding:
Many land improvement and revitalization programs accept leased land. The lease usually needs to be long enough (often 5–10 years) and registered.

GrantHub’s eligibility matcher can help you find programs by province and check if leased land is allowed.


3. Purchasing Farmland with Government Support

Buying land is expensive. Some provinces offer repayable funding, like low-interest loans, to help reduce your reliance on commercial lenders.

Example: Plant Your Roots Program — Nova Scotia
This program helps first-time commercial farm buyers in Nova Scotia.

Key details:

  • Funding: Up to $100,000, repayable
  • Who it’s for:
    • New farmers with less than five years of ownership
    • First-time buyers of a commercial farm or at least 25% ownership
    • Farm must be registered under the Farm Registration Act
  • Other requirements:
    • At least $10,000 in annual gross farm income
    • Applicant must be 19+, a Nova Scotia resident, and actively farming

This funding is often combined with bank loans and personal savings.


4. Land Revitalization and Enhancement Loans

Some land exists but isn’t usable yet. Revitalization programs help pay for work to bring land back into production.

Example: Agricultural Land Accessibility and Enhancement (New Brunswick)
This program helps farmers improve and expand agricultural land for crops and livestock. It provides repayable assistance (loan-style support) for:

  • Increasing land base for feed or crops
  • Improving field efficiency and mechanization
  • Assessing land suitability and wetland status

Funding structure:

  • Repayable assistance (loan-style support)
  • Program is administered by the New Brunswick Department of Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries

These loans are often used for:

  • Clearing brush or drainage work
  • Building access roads and preparing fields
  • Bringing idle land back into use

How Funding Programs Work Together

Many farms combine these approaches over time. For example:

  • Start with a lease through a land matching program
  • Use a revitalization loan to improve the land
  • Move to partial or full ownership with a purchase support program

Sequencing matters. Applying too late or without the right agreement in place is a common reason for rejection.


Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

  1. Lease terms that are too short
    Many land improvement programs require long-term control. Leases of only 1–3 years usually aren’t enough.

  2. Thinking repayable funding is a grant
    Programs like Plant Your Roots and Agricultural Land Accessibility and Enhancement must be paid back. Plan your cash flow carefully.

  3. Not registering the farm properly
    Several programs require registration under provincial farm acts before you apply.

  4. Starting land work before approval
    Costs made before written approval are often ineligible.


Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is Agricultural Land Accessibility and Enhancement a grant or a loan?
It is repayable assistance. This means it is a government-backed loan for specific land improvement activities.

Q: Can I apply if I lease the land instead of owning it?
Sometimes. Many programs allow leased land, but only if the lease term is long enough and clearly documented.

Q: How much land do I need to qualify for purchase programs?
There is no set acreage. Programs like Plant Your Roots focus on commercial viability, registration status, and income thresholds.

Q: Are land matching programs available outside BC?
Yes. BC Land Matching is well known, but similar services exist through non-profits and provincial initiatives in other regions.

Q: Is repayable funding considered taxable income?
Repayable assistance is usually not treated as income, but check with your accountant and review your agreement.


GrantHub tracks hundreds of active agricultural and land-based funding programs across Canada. Search GrantHub to find programs that fit your farm’s needs, or use the eligibility matcher to see what you qualify for.


Next Steps

Land access is rarely simple. The best mix of leasing, purchase support, and revitalization loans depends on your stage, location, and cash flow. Before you commit to a parcel or sign a lease, check which programs you qualify for now and which ones you can plan for next. GrantHub is updated regularly with new programs and changes, making it a reliable resource as you plan your next steps.

See also:

  • How to Improve Agricultural Productivity Using Government Funding
  • How to Know Which Agricultural Risk Management Programs Are Right for Your Farm
  • Saskatchewan Agricultural Input and Value-Added Incentives: Eligibility Guide

Was this article helpful?

Rate it so we can improve our content.

Canada Proactive Disclosure Data

400,000+ Companies Like Yours Have Received Billions in Grants

The Canadian government has funded over 400,000 businesses through 1.27 million grants and contributions. Check your eligibility in 60 seconds.